Tag: Rheumatoid Arthritis

  • Gold Complexes vs Functional Medicine: Which Better Treats Rheumatoid Arthritis 2025

    Gold Complexes vs Functional Medicine: Which Better Treats Rheumatoid Arthritis 2025

    Gold Complexes vs Functional Medicine: If you’re among the 0.5-1% of the global population battling rheumatoid arthritis, you’ve likely explored various treatment options for this chronic inflammatory disease. The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with gold complexes has a long-standing history in medical practice, dating back to 1985 when auranofin was first introduced. Despite newer therapies emerging, gold salts remain relevant because 70-75% of rheumatoid arthritis patients respond positively to this treatment.

    Clinical evidence supports the effectiveness of gold therapy, with four trials involving 415 patients demonstrating a statistically significant benefit when compared to placebo. In fact, gold treatment for rheumatoid arthritis shows a 30% improvement in reducing swollen joints compared to placebo groups. However, this effectiveness comes with concerns—22% of patients receiving gold treatments withdraw due to toxicity, compared to only 4% in control groups. Meanwhile, functional medicine approaches offer alternative strategies focusing on addressing root causes rather than symptom management.

    This comparison raises an important question for your treatment journey: should you consider traditional gold-based therapies with proven clinical outcomes but higher side effect profiles, or explore functional medicine approaches that promise fewer side effects but may have less robust clinical evidence?

    In this article, we’ll examine both options to help you make an informed decision about your rheumatoid arthritis management.

    Mechanisms of Action: Gold Complexes vs Functional Medicine

    Rheumatoid arthritis treatments function through distinctly different pathways. Understanding these mechanisms helps explain their respective benefits and limitations.

    Gold Salts and Immune Modulation in RA

    Gold complexes work primarily by modulating the immune response in rheumatoid arthritis. Auranofin, approved in 1985, manages autoimmune activity by inhibiting immune cell infiltration to inflammation sites. The gold compounds suppress T cell mitogenesis and macrophage cytotoxicity—with notably greater effects in patients with active RA. Additionally, gold concentrates within lysosomes of tissue macrophages, decreasing enzyme release and indirectly inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and IL-6 by blocking the NF-kB signalling pathway. These mechanisms collectively reduce joint pain, swelling, and decrease levels of immunoglobulins and rheumatoid factors in the bloodstream.

    Functional Medicine: Gut Health, Inflammation and Autoimmunity

    Conversely, functional medicine adopts a systems-based approach, evaluating all physiological systems to understand potential root causes of autoimmunity. This methodology places gut health at the centre of rheumatoid arthritis treatment, recognising that dysbiotic gut microbiome and compromised intestinal permeability (“leaky gut”) contribute significantly to RA development. Evidence suggests that RA may actually emerge from mucosal tissues and dysbiosis before joint problems manifest. Studies reveal that patients with RA have reduced levels of beneficial bacteria like Faecalibacterium, which generates anti-inflammatory butyrate. Furthermore, gut virome biomarkers are significantly decreased in RA patients compared to healthy controls.

    Targeted vs Systemic Approaches to RA Management

    Although both approaches address inflammation, gold therapy offers a targeted approach through specific immune suppression, whereas functional medicine provides a holistic strategy. Gold complexes directly impact inflammatory pathways through defined protocols of injections or oral administration. In contrast, functional medicine personalises treatment based on individual factors, addressing nutritional deficiencies, removing inflammatory foods (especially gluten), managing stress through mind-body practises, and ensuring adequate hydration for joint lubrication. While gold therapy demonstrates direct anti-inflammatory effects, functional medicine addresses multiple contributing factors simultaneously.

    Clinical Efficacy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Clinical measurements provide objective insights into treatment effectiveness for rheumatoid arthritis. Several parameters help evaluate therapeutic responses across different approaches.

    Swollen Joint Reduction: 30% Improvement with Gold Injections

    Gold injections demonstrate measurable efficacy in clinical trials, with patients receiving injectable gold experiencing 30% fewer swollen joints compared to those receiving placebo. Moreover, this corresponds to a standardised weighted difference of -0.5 between gold and placebo groups. Remarkably, approximately 10-20% of patients who start on intramuscular gold achieve complete long-term remission when maintained on injections every 2-4 weeks.

    Patient and Physician Global Assessments: Gold vs Functional Protocols

    According to clinical data, patient global assessment (PGA) serves as one of the most widely used patient-reported outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis practice. Interestingly, the perspective regarding disease state often differs between patients and physicians, with discordance frequency ranging from 36-51%. For gold therapy specifically, statistically significant differences favouring gold were observed for physician assessment (effect size 0.6) and patient assessment (effect size 0.4). In contrast, functional medicine approaches show improvement in patient-reported PROMIS global physical health scores with an average change 2.84 points greater compared to standard care alone.

    ESR and Inflammatory Markers: Comparative Outcomes

    Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) serves as a routine haematological test used to detect and monitor inflammatory activity. During gold treatment, a statistically significant difference of 13 mm reduction in ESR was observed compared to placebo. Gold therapy also shows significant benefits for C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Comparatively, functional medicine interventions can help reduce inflammatory markers through dietary modifications and stress management techniques.

    Functional Medicine Case Studies and Remission Rates

    Remission rates vary considerably across treatment approaches. Overall remission rates in the Asia-Pacific region range from 17.1% to 62.3% according to different remission criteria. For functional medicine specifically, one retrospective study showed statistically significant improvements in pain scores (0.92 points less compared to standard care). Furthermore, the average change in physical health score was 2.84 points greater in the functional medicine group compared to standard care.

    Safety and Side Effects Profile

    Safety considerations play a vital role when selecting treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis. Gold complexes treatment of rheumatoid arthritis comes with distinct risk profiles that must be weighed against potential benefits.

    Toxicity Withdrawals: 22% in Gold Therapy vs Minimal in Functional Medicine

    The safety profile of gold therapy reveals withdrawal rates. Studies show 22% of patients receiving gold treatments withdraw due to toxicity compared to merely 4% of patients taking placebo. Generally, 30% of patients discontinue gold therapy entirely versus 15% on placebo. Among those who interrupt treatment, 43.2% do so because of adverse events. Even more striking, the probability of discontinuation increases over time—42% after one year, rising to 92% after ten years. Regarding specific reactions, withdrawals from mucocutaneous toxicity are 4.2 times more likely in gold-treated patients.

    Organ-Specific Reactions: Skin, Renal, and Haematological Effects

    Gold injections can trigger numerous organ-specific reactions. Firstly, mucocutaneous side effects dominate initially, including dermatitis, stomatitis (13%), rash (24%), and pruritus (17%). Secondly, haematological complications include thrombocytopenia in 1-3% of patients, with approximately 3% requiring discontinuation due to blood disorders including leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. Thirdly, renal issues such as proteinuria and nephrosis may develop. Other documented effects include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and in serious cases, eye pain, mood changes, and breathing difficulties.

    Long-Term Safety: Gold Accumulation vs Lifestyle-Based Interventions

    Long-term gold accumulation presents unique concerns since gold is never completely eliminated from the body. Indeed, gold traces remain detectable in tissues 23 years after treatment cessation. Gold primarily accumulates in kidney, lymph nodes, liver, and synovial tissues, with elimination occurring through urine (75%) and faeces (25%). Two types of persistent effects include chrysiasis (bluish-grey skin discoloration) and corneal chrysiasis (golden ring around the cornea), typically occurring after cumulative doses exceed 1.5g. Subsequently, these effects can be triggered by light exposure, particularly in previously treated patients undergoing red to near-infrared pulsed laser treatments.

    Accessibility, Cost and Patient Suitability

    Practical considerations often determine treatment selection between traditional and alternative approaches for rheumatoid arthritis.

    Gold Injection Protocols: Frequency, Monitoring and Cost

    Gold therapy follows a specific dosing schedule beginning with a 10mg test dose in week one, followed by 50mg weekly injections until response occurs (maximum 1000mg total). Subsequently, intervals gradually extend from fortnightly to 3-5 weeks, potentially reaching 6-8 weeks after 18-24 months. Rigorous monitoring remains essential throughout treatment—blood tests weekly for injections 2-8, fortnightly for 12 weeks, then monthly, alongside urinalysis before every injection and annual chest x-rays. Cost considerations include £3.80 per 10mg ampoule and £11.23 per 50mg ampoule, with insurance coverage varying significantly between providers.

    Functional Medicine: Personalisation, Supplements and Lab Testing

    Functional medicine acknowledges limitations in one-size-fits-all approaches—66% of patients fail to achieve complete symptom resolution with standardised treatments. Instead, personalisation through comprehensive testing guides interventions. Essential assessments may include comprehensive blood panels interpreted using narrower functional ranges (TSH 1.0-2.5 mIU/L versus conventional 0.5-4.5 mIU/L), gut microbiome analysis, hormonal testing via DUTCH panels, food sensitivity through Mediator Release Testing, and toxin exposure evaluations.

    Which Patients Benefit Most from Each Approach?

    gold complexes image 2

    Patients best suited for gold therapy include those requiring documented efficacy—approximately 70-75% respond positively, with treatment effects gradually diminishing after discontinuation. Nonetheless, 43% withdraw due to toxicity versus 19% on methotrexate. Conversely, functional medicine particularly benefits patients with complex presentations requiring individualised care, those susceptible to medication side effects, or individuals prioritising addressing root causes over symptom management.

    Comparison Table

    AspectGold ComplexesFunctional Medicine
    Primary MechanismImmune modulation through T cell suppression and macrophage inhibitionSystems-based approach focusing on gut health and microbiome balance
    Treatment ProtocolWeekly 50mg injections initially, extending to 3-5 weeks intervalsPersonalised approach based on individual factors
    Withdrawal Rate22% due to toxicity (vs 4% placebo)Minimal (not specifically quantified)

    Side Effects

    • Stomatitis (13%)
    • Thrombocytopenia (1-3%)
    • Dermatitis (24% rash)
    • Permanent gold accumulation | Minimal reported adverse effects | | Monitoring Requirements | Weekly blood tests initially, then fortnightly for 12 weeks, followed by monthly tests | Comprehensive testing including blood panels, gut microbiome, hormonal testing | | Cost Indicators | £3.80 per 10mg ampoule £11.23 per 50mg ampoule | Not specifically mentioned | | Best Suited For | Patients requiring documented efficacy with tolerance for side effects | Complex presentations
    • Side effect-sensitive patients
    • Those seeking root cause treatment | | Long-term Impact | Gold traces detectable up to 23 years after treatment | Not specifically mentioned |

    Conclusion

    The battle between gold complexes and functional medicine for rheumatoid arthritis treatment essentially boils down to a choice between established efficacy with higher risks versus holistic approaches with fewer documented side effects.

    Gold therapy undoubtedly offers quantifiable benefits with its impressive 70-75% response rate and 30% reduction in swollen joints compared to placebo. Additionally, the well-established protocols provide clear guidance for implementation and monitoring. Nevertheless, these benefits must be weighed against significant drawbacks—notably the 22% withdrawal rate due to toxicity and long-term gold accumulation in body tissues lasting up to 23 years after treatment cessation.

    Functional medicine, conversely, addresses rheumatoid arthritis through a systems-based lens, primarily targeting gut health and underlying inflammatory triggers. While this approach lacks the same level of clinical documentation as gold therapy, it offers minimal reported adverse effects and personalized treatment paths. Furthermore, functional medicine particularly suits patients with complex presentations or those sensitive to conventional medication side effects.

    Your choice between these two approaches ultimately depends on personal health priorities. You might prefer gold therapy if documented efficacy outweighs side effect concerns for your situation. Alternatively, functional medicine might better serve you if addressing root causes with minimal adverse effects aligns with your treatment philosophy. Regardless of your decision, consulting healthcare professionals specialising in both conventional and functional medicine will help ensure you select the most appropriate treatment path for your specific rheumatoid arthritis manifestation.

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    FAQ’S

    1. Is gold therapy still a viable treatment for rheumatoid arthritis?
      • Gold therapy is still available but less common due to side effects, with 70–75% responding positively and 22% stopping due to toxicity.
    2. How does functional medicine approach rheumatoid arthritis treatment?
      • Functional medicine treats rheumatoid arthritis holistically, focusing on root causes like gut health, nutrition, and lifestyle for personalized care.
    3. What are the main differences between gold therapy and functional medicine for rheumatoid arthritis?
      • Gold therapy reduces swollen joints by ~30% but has higher side effects, while functional medicine offers personalized, root-cause-focused care with fewer side effects.
    4. How long do the effects of gold therapy last in the body?
      • Gold can remain in body tissues for up to 23 years, potentially causing persistent effects like chrysiasis (bluish-grey skin).
    5. What monitoring is required for gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis treatment?
      • Gold therapy requires frequent blood tests, urinalysis before injections, and annual chest x-rays to monitor safety.
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis: Powerful Functional Medicine Treatment Naturally

    Rheumatoid Arthritis: Powerful Functional Medicine Treatment Naturally

    Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is more than just joint pain. It’s an autoimmune condition where the body mistakenly attacks its own tissues, leading to chronic inflammation, pain, and joint damage. But what if the root cause of RA isn’t just genetics or lifestyle? What if along with other factors, hormones play a critical role in triggering and sustaining this disease?

    Recent research and integrative approaches, like those at Hormone Reset, show that balancing hormones is a game-changer in treating RA. Functional medicine takes a deep dive into how hormonal imbalances, gut health, and lifestyle factors influence autoimmune diseases, offering a root-cause solution rather than just symptom management.

    The Science Behind Rheumatoid Arthritis and Autoimmune Dysfunction

    Rheumatoid Arthritis is classified as an autoimmune disorder, meaning the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues. Several key factors contribute to this dysfunction:

    • Genetic Predisposition: Some individuals are more susceptible to autoimmune conditions due to their genetic makeup.
    • Environmental Triggers: Toxins, infections, and even unsuitable diet can activate an autoimmune response.
    • Chronic Inflammation: Persistent inflammation leads to tissue damage and worsens RA symptoms.
    • Cortisol Imbalance: Chronic stress leads to excess cortisol, which disrupts the immune system and increases inflammation.
    • Estrogen Dominance: High estrogen levels can overstimulate the immune system, increasing RA risk.
    • Thyroid Dysfunction: Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are linked to RA, as they both fuel systemic inflammation.
    • Insulin Resistance: Blood sugar imbalances can worsen inflammation and joint damage.

    By addressing these triggers, functional medicine provides a holistic approach to healing rather than just suppressing and masking symptoms.

    How Hormones Influence Rheumatoid Arthritis Development?

    Many Rheumatoid Arthritis patients, especially women, experience symptom fluctuations related to hormonal changes. Why? Because hormones regulate immune responses, inflammation, and cellular function. Here’s how hormones impact RA:

    Estrogen & Progesterone: The Immune Regulators

    • Women are three times more likely to develop Rheumatoid Arthritis than men, often experiencing symptom flare-ups during pregnancy, postpartum, or menopause.
    • Estrogen and progesterone have anti-inflammatory properties, but their imbalances can trigger immune dysfunction and increase inflammation.
    • Low estrogen levels, especially post-menopause, contribute to increased inflammation and joint degeneration.

    Cortisol: The Stress-Induced Firestarter

    • Chronic stress elevates cortisol, a stress hormone that, when dysregulated, weakens the immune system and fuels inflammatory cytokines, worsening RA symptoms.
    • Chronic stress can also lead to Adrenal dysfunction that leads to an inability to regulate inflammation effectively, making flares more severe and frequent.

    Thyroid Hormones: The Overlooked Factor

    • Thyroid dysfunction is highly correlated with RA, as both aid to low immunity.
    • Hypothyroidism (low thyroid function) slows down metabolism, weakens the immune system, and promotes joint stiffness and fatigue.

    Insulin Resistance & Blood Sugar Spikes

    • High insulin and unstable blood sugar levels drive systemic inflammation, worsening Rheumatoid Arthritis symptoms.
    • Conversely, RA patients often exhibit higher insulin resistance, making dietary and lifestyle changes crucial in treatment.

    The Functional Medicine Approach to Rheumatoid Arthritis Healing

    functional medicine

    Unlike conventional medicine, which primarily treats symptoms with medications, functional medicine digs deeper to uncover underlying triggers. Here’s how it differs:

    Conventional MedicineFunctional Medicine
    Focuses on symptom relief with painkillers and immunosuppressantsIdentifies root causes like gut health, toxins, and nutrient deficiencies
    Often leads to side effects and long-term dependence on medicationsUses natural interventions to support the body’s healing mechanisms
    Ignores the role of diet and lifestylePrioritizes nutrition, lifestyle changes, and personalized treatment

    Identifying the Root Causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Unlike conventional medicine, which primarily focuses on symptom suppression, a functional medicine approach seeks to uncover the deeper triggers of Rheumatoid Arthritis. This involves:

    • Advanced Hormone Testing to detect imbalances in estrogen, progesterone, cortisol, thyroid hormones, and insulin.
    • Inflammation Marker Analysis (CRP, ESR) to assess the severity of autoimmune activity.
    • Nutrition Status Assessment helps understand if low levels of key nutrients like vitamins a, b12 and d, omega 3 fatty acids, zinc, etc. are causing or worsening the disease dynamics.
    • Gut Health Assessment to identify leaky gut syndrome and dysbiosis etc, which often triggers autoimmune conditions.
    • Environmental Toxicity Exposure Screening to evaluate toxins, heavy metals, and pollutants affecting immune function.
    • Genetic Testing to assess predispositions and guide personalised interventions.

    By understanding these factors, a targeted healing strategy can be developed.

    The Role of Gut Health in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Gut health plays a crucial role in autoimmune conditions like Rheumatoid Arthritis. The gut microbiome regulates the immune system, and imbalances can lead to chronic inflammation and autoimmunity.

    Leaky Gut Syndrome and Rheumatoid Arthritis

    • Increased intestinal permeability—often referred to as “leaky gut”—allows harmful toxins, microbes, and undigested food particles to pass through the gut lining and enter the bloodstream. This triggers an immune response, causing the body to attack these foreign invaders and inadvertently inflame its own tissues.
    • Multiple studies have found that individuals with RA commonly experience gut dysbiosis, a state where the balance of good and bad bacteria in the gut is disrupted. This imbalance contributes to ongoing systemic inflammation and worsens autoimmune reactions. Moreover, certain gut bacteria such as Prevotella copri have been associated with increased RA risk, reinforcing the gut-joint connection in autoimmunity.
    • Low levels of beneficial microbes like Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli have also been noted in RA patients, further aggravating immune dysfunction and gut barrier weakness.
    • Gut infections and overgrowth of pathogens such as Candida albicans may also contribute to heightened immune activation in RA.

    Healing the Gut for Rheumatoid Arthritis Relief 

    • Probiotics & Fermented Foods: Support a healthy microbiome with yogurt (dahi), kefir, sauerkraut, and kombucha. These foods help reintroduce beneficial bacteria into the digestive tract, which may improve immune regulation.
    • Bone Broth & Collagen: Contain amino acids like glycine and proline that help repair the intestinal lining, reduce systemic inflammation, and support joint health.
    • Eliminating Food Triggers: Gluten (gehun), dairy (doodh and milk-based products), and processed foods can damage the intestinal barrier, increase gut permeability (leaky gut), and initiate autoimmune flares. An elimination diet may provide clarity and relief.
    • Prebiotics & Fiber: Feed beneficial bacteria and support gut barrier function. Rich sources include garlic (lehsun), onions (pyaaz), leeks (hara pyaaz), bananas (kela), asparagus (shatavari), and chicory root.
    • Herbal Support: Supplements such as slippery elm, marshmallow root, and licorice root (mulethi) have mucilaginous properties that coat and soothe the gut lining, reduce inflammation, and promote healing of the GI tract.

    The Rheumatoid Arthritis Connection Between Toxins and Autoimmune Disorders

    How Environmental Toxins Trigger Rheumatoid Arthritis

    • Heavy metals like mercury, aluminium and lead can disrupt immune function.
    • Pesticides and chemicals in food can contribute to autoimmune flare-ups.
    • Plastics and endocrine-disrupting chemicals interfere with hormonal balance, fueling inflammation.

    Reducing Toxin Exposure for Rheumatoid Arthritis Relief

    • Choose organic foods whenever possible.
    • Filter drinking water to remove contaminants.
    • Reduce plastic use and switch to glass or stainless steel containers.
    • Opt for natural personal care and cleaning products.

    Natural Strategies for Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Addressing Rheumatoid Arthritis effectively requires a multi-faceted approach that restores balance to the body. Here are some proven strategies:

    Nutritional and Dietary Adjustments

    food
    • Anti-Inflammatory Diet: Include omega-3-rich foods like fatty fish (salmon, sardines), flaxseeds (alsi), and walnuts (akhrot). Add anti-inflammatory spices such as turmeric (haldi) and ginger (adrak), and eat plenty of leafy greens like spinach (palak), fenugreek leaves (methi), and amaranth (chaulai). These Anti-Inflammatory foods help lower inflammation markers and support joint health.
    • Blood Sugar Stabilization: Avoid sugary snacks, white bread (safed double roti), and soft drinks. Focus on complex carbohydrates such as brown rice (bhura chawal), millet (bajra, jowar), sweet potatoes (shakarkand), and legumes (rajma, chana). These help prevent blood sugar spikes, reducing insulin-driven inflammation.
    • Gut Health Restoration: Strengthen digestion with fermented foods like yogurt (dahi), buttermilk (chaas), and pickled vegetables (achar). Bone broth (yakhni) and collagen support gut lining repair. Fiber-rich foods like oats (jai), fruits (seb, papita), and vegetables (gajar, lauki) feed beneficial bacteria and enhance detoxification.
    • Hydration & Detoxification: Drink at least 2–3 liters of water daily. Add herbal teas like tulsi, mint (pudina), or cumin (jeera) water to support kidney and liver detox pathways. Hydration improves lymphatic flow and reduces joint stiffness.

    Lifestyle Modifications

    • Stress Management: Use mindfulness, meditation, and deep breathing exercises to regulate cortisol and reduce chronic stress, a key factor in RA flare-ups. You can use different apps for guided practices.
    • Physical Activity: Engage in low-impact workouts like yoga (especially restorative and yin yoga), tai chi, and gentle strength training to improve joint flexibility, reduce stiffness, and enhance blood circulation.
    • Quality Sleep: Prioritize 7–9 hours of deep, restorative sleep. Use sleep hygiene strategies like maintaining a consistent bedtime, limiting screen time, and using magnesium supplements or herbal teas (like chamomile or ashwagandha) to improve sleep quality.
    • Sunlight & Vitamin D: Aim for 15–20 minutes of early morning sun exposure daily to boost natural vitamin D production, which supports immune regulation and bone mineral density. If deficient, consider supplementation under medical supervision.
    • Community & Emotional Wellbeing: Join support groups, engage in hobbies, or volunteer. Strong social bonds and emotional expression (like journaling or therapy) lower cortisol levels and enhance the body’s healing capacity, especially in chronic inflammatory conditions like RA.

    A New Era of Rheumatoid Arthritis Healing Through Functional Medicine

    Rheumatoid Arthritis is a complex condition, but functional medicine offers hope for long-term healing. By identifying hormonal imbalances, gut dysfunction, and environmental triggers, this approach provides a path to recovery beyond just medication.

    Healing is possible when we address the root cause, not just the symptoms. With the right hormone reset, dietary interventions, detoxification strategies, and lifestyle changes, you can regain control over your health and live pain-free.

    Are You Ready to Take Control of Your Rheumatoid Arthritis Naturally?

    Connect with Hormone Reset today to get a personalised plan that restores hormonal balance, reduces inflammation, and gives you back your quality of life.

    Further if you’re looking for one-on-one consultation with our Specialists, then Book Now!

    References

    Conventional Medical Perspective on Rheumatoid Arthritis: Cleveland Clinic – RA Overview

  • An Exploration of Autoimmune Diseases: Understanding the Commonalities and Differences in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    An Exploration of Autoimmune Diseases: Understanding the Commonalities and Differences in Rheumatoid Arthritis

    The Rising Prevalence of Autoimmune Diseases

    Autoimmune diseases are on the rise worldwide, affecting millions of people and significantly impacting their quality of life. Among these, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most studied and complex conditions. RA affects nearly 1% of the global population, with women being two to three times more likely to develop it than men. Despite ongoing research, many people remain confused about autoimmune diseases, their triggers, and how conditions like RA compare to other autoimmune disorders.

    Why This Matters?

    Living with an autoimmune disease is often an uphill battle. Symptoms like chronic fatigue, joint pain, and systemic inflammation can severely disrupt daily life. But RA doesn’t just stop at pain—it can also damage internal organs, increase cardiovascular risks, and reduce life expectancy if left unmanaged. To complicate matters, autoimmune diseases share overlapping symptoms, making diagnosis tricky. This lack of clarity can lead to treatment delays and worsening patient outcomes.

    So, how do autoimmune diseases work, and what makes RA unique compared to others like lupus or multiple sclerosis? Understanding these nuances is crucial to managing the disease effectively.

    Solution: Breaking Down the Commonalities and Differences

    What Do Autoimmune Diseases Have in Common?

    Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells instead of harmful invaders like bacteria or viruses. Here are some common traits:

    1. Underlying Mechanism:
      An overactive immune response fuels autoimmune diseases. The body’s defense system mistakes its tissues for foreign substances, triggering inflammation and tissue damage.
    2. Triggers:
      While the exact cause is unknown, environmental factors (like smoking or infections), genetic predisposition, and hormonal imbalances play a key role in autoimmune diseases.
    3. Systemic Nature:
      Many autoimmune diseases are systemic, affecting multiple organs or tissues simultaneously. For instance, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can impact skin, kidneys, and joints, similar to RA’s effect on joints and organs.
    4. Shared Symptoms:
      Symptoms like fatigue, inflammation, and chronic pain are common across conditions. For example:
      • Both RA and lupus can cause joint pain.
      • Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and RA both lead to fatigue due to their systemic effects.

    What Makes Rheumatoid Arthritis Unique?

    RA is an autoimmune disease that specifically targets the synovium, the lining of joints. This leads to swelling, pain, and potential joint deformities. Unlike osteoarthritis, which is wear-and-tear-related, RA results from the immune system attacking healthy joint tissues.

    Here’s what sets RA apart:

    1. Targeted Areas:
      RA typically begins in smaller joints (like fingers and toes) and can progress to larger joints over time.
    2. Symmetrical Symptoms:
      A hallmark feature of RA is symmetry. If one hand or knee is affected, the other side usually follows suit, a characteristic not seen in all autoimmune diseases.
    3. Co-Morbid Risks:
      Patients with RA face increased risks of heart disease, lung conditions, and even mental health issues due to systemic inflammation. Studies show that individuals with RA are 50% more likely to experience cardiovascular problems.
    4. Diagnostic Markers:
      RA can be diagnosed through blood tests for rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. These markers are specific to RA, helping distinguish it from other autoimmune diseases like lupus or psoriasis.

    Case Study: Early Diagnosis and Management of RA

    Consider the case of Sarah, a 42-year-old teacher who began experiencing morning stiffness in her fingers that lasted for over an hour. At first, she assumed it was due to her long hours at work. However, as the pain worsened and her fatigue increased, she sought medical advice.

    Tests revealed elevated levels of RF and anti-CCP antibodies, confirming an RA diagnosis. Early intervention with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) significantly slowed the disease’s progression. Additionally, Sarah adopted a balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods (like fatty fish and leafy greens) and started practicing low-impact exercises such as yoga.

    Today, Sarah manages her symptoms effectively, demonstrating the importance of early detection and a holistic approach to autoimmune diseases.

    Bridging the Gap: How Knowledge Empowers Management

    While autoimmune diseases like RA may seem daunting, knowledge is a powerful tool in managing them. Understanding the commonalities can help patients identify early warning signs while recognizing differences allows for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatments.

    For those living with RA, combining medical treatment with lifestyle changes—such as stress management, regular exercise, and an anti-inflammatory diet—can significantly improve outcomes.

    Key Takeaways

    • Autoimmune diseases, including RA, share common mechanisms but differ in how and where they manifest.
    • RA is unique due to its targeted joint effects, symmetrical symptoms, and specific diagnostic markers.
    • Early diagnosis and a proactive approach, as seen in Sarah’s case, are vital to managing RA effectively.

    By fostering awareness and staying informed, patients and caregivers can take control of their health, reducing the burden of autoimmune diseases one step at a time.

    References:

    National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. “Rheumatoid Arthritis.” Retrieved from https://www.niams.nih.gov

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). “Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).” Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov

    Mayo Clinic. “Rheumatoid Arthritis: Symptoms and Causes.” Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org

    Gabriel, S. E., & Michaud, K. (2009). “Epidemiological studies in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and comorbidity of the rheumatic diseases.” Arthritis Research & Therapy, 11(3), 229. Retrieved from https://arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com/

    Arthritis Foundation. “What Is Rheumatoid Arthritis?” Retrieved from https://www.arthritis.org

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  • Why Medications Are Not the Answer for Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Why Medications Are Not the Answer for Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the synovial membranes of joints, causing pain, inflammation, and deformity. It most commonly affects individuals aged 30-50 and is three times more prevalent in women than men. It is a long-term condition that causes pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints. 

    If you’ve been diagnosed, chances are, you’ve been prescribed medications to manage it. But is that really the best solution? While medications can help manage symptoms, they dont offer a lasting solution. Let’s explore why medications may not be the ultimate answer for RA.

    The Problem: Medications Can’t Reverse Rheumatoid Arthritis

    When you’re diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, the first line of defense often involves medications like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologics. These medications aim to slow down the progression of the disease, reduce inflammation, and relieve pain. But here’s the problem: they don’t cure RA. In fact, they’re only designed to manage or suppress the symptoms.

    A 2017 study published in the Journal of Rheumatology showed that while DMARDs can reduce joint inflammation and slow disease progression, only 30-40% of patients achieved remission after using these medications for a year. This means the majority of people are still living with significant symptoms even while on medication.

    Additionally, medications often come with a slew of side effects. Long-term use of NSAIDs, for example, has been linked to stomach ulcers, liver damage, and increased risk of heart attacks. Biologics can suppress the immune system, making patients more vulnerable to infections.

    Agitation: The Limits and Risks of Medication Dependence

    It’s easy to feel like medications are the only way to keep rheumatoid arthritis in check. But relying solely on pharmaceuticals comes with risks and limitations. For starters, medications don’t address the underlying cause of RA, which is the reason why the immune system is attacking the joints.

    A long-term reliance on drugs may mask the symptoms while the disease continues to progress. According to a case study published in Rheumatology International, one patient who had been on DMARDs for five years experienced decreased effectiveness of the drugs over time. By the end of the case study, they still had joint deterioration and required joint replacement surgery despite ongoing medication.

    The risks don’t stop there. Many RA drugs also carry potential long-term health risks. A 2020 study in The Lancet found that patients on biologics were 60% more likely to develop serious infections due to immune suppression. Medications may temporarily control RA symptoms, but at what cost to your overall health?

    Solution: What You Can Do Instead of Relying Solely on Medication

    Today, science has a pretty good understanding of the reasons that lead the immune system to attack the joints. RA is driven by an imbalance in immune cells, with an excess of Th1 lymphocytes producing inflammatory mediators and a deficiency of Th2 lymphocytes. The question we have to ask is – why is this imbalance happening?

    Environmental factors, such as viral and bacterial infections, play a key role by triggering chronic inflammation and oxidative tissue damage. These infections can also compromise gut health, leading to intestinal permeability, low Secretory IgA, elevated zonulin, and other inflammatory bowel markers, which may further exacerbate the autoimmune response.

    Autoimmunity causes3 1

    Key contributors include:

    • Nutritional deficiencies: Low levels of essential nutrients like vitamin D, vitamin A, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants, amongst many others, can weaken immune regulation and joint health.
    • Chronic infections: Overgrowth of bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses, etc in the body can trigger immune dysfunction leading to autoimmunity.
    • Gut health imbalance: Increased intestinal permeability (“leaky gut”) allows toxins and undigested food particles to enter the bloodstream, triggering autoimmune responses.
    • Reactivity to triggers: Chemicals, pathogens, or certain foods can provoke immune responses and cross-reactivity, leading to inflammation and worsening symptoms.
    • Toxins: A variety of toxins, including heavy metals, bacterial and fungal toxins, and agricultural and other environmental toxins, are known to trigger the immune system into hypervigilance and then autoimmunity.
    • Stress or trauma: Chronic or acute stress can disrupt the body’s stress response, promote inflammation, and act as a trigger for RA onset or exacerbation.

    The rising prevalence of autoimmune diseases is linked to gut health. A compromised intestinal barrier and immune system reactivity to food are major contributors to immune system overstimulation and disease progression. Addressing gut health through personalised dietary strategies that reduce food triggers, alongside targeted care, is essential for recovery.

    A Functional Medicine approach emphasizes addressing these factors through personalized nutrition, gut healing, stress management, detoxification, addressing chronic infections, and identifying specific triggers to manage RA effectively. These alternative strategies can help you manage symptoms and potentially reverse the disease’s progression without relying entirely on pharmaceuticals. Some of these are discussed below.

    1. Anti-Inflammatory Diet: Numerous studies have shown that diet plays a critical role in reducing inflammation. One study in Arthritis Care & Research found that RA patients who followed an anti-inflammatory diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, fresh fruits, and vegetables experienced reduction in flare-ups and improved overall joint health.
      Eliminate all processed foods, gluten, dairy and sugars, as they can trigger inflammation. Work with an experienced Functional nutritionist to personalise your diet based on your symptoms and test results.
    2. Physical Therapy and Exercise: Regular, low-impact exercise can improve joint flexibility and reduce pain. According to the American College of Rheumatology, exercises such as swimming, yoga, and walking can strengthen the muscles surrounding the joints, alleviating pressure and improving mobility.
      Physical therapy has also been shown to reduce reliance on pain medications. A case study published in Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Journal highlighted a patient who significantly reduced NSAID usage after participating in a targeted physical therapy program for six months.
    3. Stress Management: RA symptoms often worsen during periods of high stress. Mind-body practices like meditation, deep breathing exercises, and progressive muscle relaxation have been proven to reduce stress and, in turn, lessen inflammation.
      A 2018 study in Psychosomatic Medicine found that RA patients who practiced mindfulness meditation for eight weeks saw measurable reductions in inflammatory markers, compared to those who relied on medications alone.
    4. Supplements and Natural Remedies: Supplements form an integral part of the Functional Medicine approach to treating RA. Various supplements and nutraceuticals like Evening Primrose Oil (GLA), Boswellia, Collagen, Turmeric, etc. have been shown to offer significant benefits in RA.
      Be sure to consult with your healthcare provider before adding any supplements to your routine.

    The Power of Holistic Treatment

    While we have helped many patients with RA, one case of an athlete who used to run marathons stands out. This patient was told that her running days were over as she could not even walk properly due to the pain caused by her inflamed knees. After working with us for six months, not only could she get back to running, but she broke her personal records! In other words, not only did her RA reverse, but her health, stamina and fitness improved so much that she could break her personal records.

    Take Action Today

    Medications can help control rheumatoid arthritis symptoms, but they aren’t a cure, and long-term dependence on them can carry risks. The good news is functional medicine can help by making lifestyle changes, including dietary modifications, stress management, and supplementation so that you can take control of your RA and reduce your reliance on medications. Empower yourself by taking small steps toward a healthier, more balanced approach to RA care.

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    References: 

    1. Jasvinder A Singh, Treatment Guidelines in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Published by Elsevier Inc., 2022 Jul 5, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35953230/ 
    2. Bicer, A., Tursen, U., Cimen, O. et al. Prevalence of dermatophytosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 23, 37–40 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-002-0238-3
    3. Tedeschi SK, Frits M, Cui J, Zhang ZZ, Mahmoud T, Iannaccone C, Lin TC, Yoshida K, Weinblatt ME, Shadick NA et al.. Diet and rheumatoid arthritis symptoms: survey results from a rheumatoid arthritis registry. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)
    4. Gioxari A, Kaliora AC, Marantidou F, Panagiotakos DP. Intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
    5. Exercise & Arthritis, American College of Rheumatology, April 2023 by Howard Yang, MD, 
    6. 2022 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Guideline for Exercise, Rehabilitation, Diet, and Additional Integrative Interventions for Rheumatoid Arthritis, 2023 Aug
    7. The Journal of Rheumatology in 2017, which evaluated the effectiveness of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
    8. Psychosomatic Medicine, 2018: A study demonstrating RA patients practicing mindfulness meditation
    9. The Journal of Clinical Rheumatology, 2021: A review on turmeric supplementation

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